Increased volume and quality of meat production, and the mitigation of malnutrition and stunting

Increased incomes for farmers

Prevention of animal illnesses

Greenhouse gas emissions from animal feed supply chains (19)

Water pollution, air pollution and land degradation caused directly by increased livestock production (20)

Higher demand for crops and arable land for feed production. Feeding an animal requires three times the amount of crops necessary to feed a person.(21)

Water consumption for feed crop production reduces the amount of water available to other ecosystems.(22)

Gender inequality and/or marginalization risk: Any negative environmental outcome will predominantly impact the main source of income for women and rural households, that is farming lands.

Drop-off risk: The probability that negative impact is no longer mitigated, that is, the effects of over-fishing on aquaculture

Contribute to farmers' income and the general food security and health and wellbeing of the population.

Third Medium Term Plan of 2018-2022: This plan recommends creating disease free zones and appropriate feed reserves as a precaution against drought.(23)

National Livestock Policy: This policy is the main plan for the subsector which follows the Vision 2030. Because around 80% of land in Kenya is arid or semi-arid, the policy underlines the importance of livestock for livelihood and the food security of local communities.(24)

Agriculture Sector Transformation and Growth Strategy: This strategy targets increasing farmers' productivity and access to inputs. By providing subsidy in a form of e-vouchers, the government wants to allow the farmers to purchase inputs.(6)

Financial incentives: For many smallholder farmers, accessing credit is a key barrier. The Agricultural Finance Corporation was established to help with providing affordable credit.(29)

Fiscal incentives: Kenya offers value added tax (VAT) exemptions on animal feed.(13) Other incentives include a 2.5% capital deduction on industrial buildings for the first 40 years of operation (30), and a 100% investment deduction for capital expenditures on manufacturing buildings and machinery. This deduction increases to 150% for investments more than USD 2 million outside of Nairobi. (31)

Other incentives: Kenya offers capital allowances to farmers on constructing farm works at the rate of 100% of the cost. A farm work is any structure constructed to enhance the operations of a farm. (32) There is also a wear and tear deduction of 37.5% for heavy machinery, tractors and etc. (Class I) (33)

Fertilizers and Animal Foodstuffs Act (Cap 345): This Act regulates feed production, importation and sale. It provides the general framework and penalties for non-compliance with quality standards.(25)

The Fertilizers and Animal Stuffs Act was amended in 2015 to introduce the Fertilizer and Animal Foodstuffs Board of Kenya. This body is responsible for regulating the sector, importing raw materials, inspecting the quality and licensing manufacturers.(26)

Livestock Bill 2019: This Bill introduced various bodies to regulate the sector.(27)

Standard Act (Cap. 496): The Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) enforces standards of feed, to maintain quality.(28)

In August 2020, KEBS established 24 new standards to facilitate the production of safe and quality products of animal origin.

A Ruhamah Enterprise, Namutec Enterprises, Tamfeeds, Pioneerfeeds

Kenya Bureau of Standards

International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), Kenya Animal Genetic Resources Center (KAGRC), DOB Equity, FeedTechKenya

Kenya Meat Commission, (KMC), Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), Animal Health Industry Training Institutes (AHITIs), Kenya Veterinary Board (KVB)